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After 1971

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Charts from Canada

Only the charts that use data from this country. Charts with several countries appear under each one of them. (5 charts)

Inflation & the Dollar

What a dollar buys, and how fast prices rise.

Canadian dollars (1914 = C$1.00)

Lower = a dollar buys less

Source: OECD via FRED (CANCPIALLMINMEI); data through March 2025

Housing

The price of a home, in dollars and in hours of work.

Index, 2010 = 100

Higher = homes cost more (before or after inflation)

Source: Bank for International Settlements via FRED (QCAN628BIS, QCAR628BIS)

Gold, Currencies & Crises

Gold reserves, currency crashes and financial crises around the world.

US dollars per 1 Canadian dollar

Higher = one Canadian dollar buys more US dollars

Source: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System via FRED (EXCAUS, inverted)

Energy

The price of oil and how much energy the world uses.

Index, 1960 = 100

A wider gap = the economy produces more with each unit of energy

Source: Aggregate of the G7 countries (published chart based on World Bank and OECD data). Approximate values digitized from a published chart

Society & Culture

Health, prisons, immigration, education and even language.

Percent of the total population

Higher = a larger share of residents were born in another country

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of Population 1871–2021 (2011: National Household Survey). Definition changed in 1981; the series breaks between 1981 and 1986

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